Australia's wine industry is the world's fourth largest export. Winemaking makes an important contribution to the Australian economy, providing production, employment, exports and tourism. Wine is produced in every state, with more than 60 designated wine regions totaling about 160,000 hectares; however, Australia's wine regions are located mainly in the southern, cooler parts of the country, with vineyards located in South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, Tasmania and Queensland.

The main grape varieties are Shiraz, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon and Riesling. There are no local grapes in the country, and Vitis vinifera varieties were imported from Europe and South Africa at the end of the 18th and 19th centuries. Some varieties were bred by Australian winegrowers, for example, Sienna and Tarrango.